william penn frame of government summary william penn frame of government summary
That all defacers or corrupters of charters, gifts, grants, bonds, bills, wills, contracts, and conveyances, or that shall deface or falsify any enrolment, registry or record, within this province, shall make double satisfaction for the same; half whereof shall go to the party wronged, and they shall be dismissed of all places of trust, and be publicly disgraced as false men. Article xxxix created the first formal amendment process in history. II. That there shall be a register for all servants, where their names, time, wages, and days of payment shall be registered. 2. It is true, good laws have some awe upon ill ministers, but that is where they have not power to escape or abolish them, and the people are generally wise and good: but a loose and depraved people (which is the question) love laws and an administration like themselves. But before the complaint of any person be received, he shall solemnly declare in court, that he believes, in his conscience, his cause is just. WebWilliam Penn was a celebrated English philosopher, founder of the State of Pennsylvania, real estate entrepreneur, and early Quaker. Government incorporated in the Great Law of the province. 1, xxviixxviii. He consults with Algernon Sidney and John Locke in drawing up his Frame. But, if men be bad, let the government be never so good, they will endeavor to warp and spoil it to their turn. That all lands and goods shall be liable to pay debts, except where there is legal issue, and then all the goods, and one-third of the land only. xxiii. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. That all trials shall be by twelve men, and as near as may be, peers or equals, and of the neighborhood, and men without just exception; in cases of life, there shall be first twenty-four returned by the sheriffs, for a grand inquest, of whom twelve, at least, shall find the complaint to be true; and then the twelve men, or peers, to be likewise returned by the sheriff, shall have the final judgment. That the laws so prepared and proposed, as aforesaid, that are assented to by the General Assembly, shall be enrolled as laws of the Province, with this stile: By the Governor, with the assent and approbation of the freemen in provincial Council and General Assembly. That all trials shall be by twelve men, and as near as may be, peers or equals, and of the neighborhood, and men without just exception; in cases of life, there shall be first twenty-four returned by the sheriffs, for a grand inquest, of whom twelve, at least, shall find the complaint to be true; and then the twelve men, or peers, to be likewise returned by the sheriff, shall have the final judgment. God gave men power along with integrity to use it wisely. And, to the end that all officers chosen to serve within this province, may, with more care and diligence, answer the trust reposed in them, it is agreed, that no such person shall enjoy more than one public office at one time. That, for the better management of the power and trust aforesaid, the provincial Council shall, from time to time, divide itself into four distinct and proper committees, for the more easy administration of the affairs of the Province, which divides the seventy-two into four eighteens, every one of which eighteens shall consist of six out of each of the three orders, or yearly elections, each of which shall have a distinct portion of business, as followeth: First, a committee of plantations, to situate and settle cities, ports, and market towns, and high-ways, and to hear and decide all suits and controversies relating to plantations. Which I humbly pray and hope God will please to make the lot of this Pensilvania. Men side with their passions against their reason, and their sinister interests have so strong a bias upon their minds, that they lean to them gainst the good of the things they know. View photos of this 5 bed, 2 bath, 2000 Sq Ft home in Stony Brook, NY. No compulsory religion was to be enforced. xvi. And that the provincial Council shall, on the thirteenth day of the first month, yearly, elect and present to the Governor, or his Deputy, a double number of persons, to serve for Judges, Treasurers, Masters of Rolls, within the said province, for the year next ensuing; and the freemen of the said province, in the county courts, when they shall be erected, and till then, in the General Assembly, shall, on the three and twentieth day of the second month, yearly, elect and present to the Governor, or his Deputy, a double number of persons, to serve for Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, and Coroners, for the year next ensuing; out of which respective elections and presentments, the Governor or his Deputy shall nominate and commissionate the proper number for each office, the third day after the said presentments, or else the first named in such presentment, for each office, shall stand and serve for that office the year ensuing. XXXVIII. That all pleadings, processes and records in courts, shall be short, and in English, and in an ordinary and plain character, that they may be understood, and justice speedily administered. xx. That, in all courts all persons of all persuasions may freely appear in their own way, and according to their own manner, and there personally plead their own cause themselves; or, if unable, by their friends: and the first process shall be the exhibition of the complaint in court, fourteen days before the trial; and that the party, complained against, may be fitted for the same, he or she shall be summoned, no less than ten days before, and a copy of the complaint delivered him or her, at his or her dwelling house. He thought that a harmonious society, unhampered by intolerance, would be a prosperous society as well. To carry this evenness is partly owing to the constitution, and partly to the magistracy: where either of these fail, government will be subject to convulsions: but where both are wanting, it must be totally subverted: then where both meet, the government is like to endure. . That, according to the good example of the primitive Christians, and the case of the creation, every first day of the week, called the Lords day, people shall abstain from their common daily labour, that they may better dispose themselves to worship God according to their understandings. That, in this provincial Council, the Governor or his Deputy, shall or may, always preside, and have a treble voice; and the said provincial Council shall always continue, and sit upon its own adjournments and committees. Source: Colonial Origins of the American Constitution: A Documentary History, ed. xxxv. In Pennsylvania. In each version of the story, Jesus resolves a dilemma posed by the Roman requirement that the xvii. Free shipping for many products! no one can be put out of his estate xxii. That all pleadings, processes and records in courts, shall be short, and in English, and in an ordinary and plain character, that they may be understood, and justice speedily administered. Donald S. Lutz (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund 1998). But reasonable challenges shall be always admitted against the said twelve men, or any of them. questions. But, if men be bad, let the government be never so good, they will endeavor to warp and spoil it to their turn. When George Washington was unanimously elected by the Constitutional Convention as the first presid, Rule according to law; rule under law; or rule according to a higher law. In 1701, Penn signed the Fourth Frame, or Charter of Privileges, which granted citizens of Pennsylvania a number of William Penn, 1682. Governments, like clocks, go from the motion men give them; and as governments are made and moved by men, so by them they are ruined too. The Frame of Government was an expression of Penn's religious and political ideas. Web1682 - Penn's Charter of Libertie - April 25; 1682 - Frame of Government of Pennsylvania - May 5; 1683 - Frame of Government of Pennsylvania - February 2; 1696 - Frame of Government of Pennsylvania; 1701 - Charter of Privileges Granted by William Penn, esq. ), 1683: Charter of Liberties and Privileges (New York), 1692: Shower, Reasons for a New Bill of Rights (Pamphlet), 1736: Brief Narrative of the Trial of Peter Zenger, 1744: Williams, Rights and Liberties of Protestants (Sermon), 1763: Otis, Rights of British Colonies Asserted (Pamphlet), 1765: Resolutions of the Stamp Act Congress, 1774: Declaration and Resolves of the 1st Continental Congress, 1776: Declaration of Independence (various drafts), 1776: Hutchinson, Strictures upon the Declaration of Independence, 1776: Witherspoon, Dominion of Providence over the Passions of Men (Sermon), 1785: Madison, Memorial and Remonstrance against Religious Assessments, 1786: Jefferson, Virginia Bill Establishing Religious Freedom, 1787: Jay, Address to the People of N.Y. (Pamphlet), 1787: Letters from the Federal Farmer, Letter No. Colonial Origins of the American Constitution: A Documentary History. When he called a General Assembly to meet in Chester, the assembled body decided that the Delaware counties should be joined with But lust prevailing against duty, made a lamentable breach upon it; and the law, that before had no power over him, took place upon him, and his disobedient posterity, that such as would not live comformable to the holy law within, should fall under the reproof and correction of the just law without, in a judicial administration. But, lastly, when all is said, there is hardly one frame of government in the world so ill designed by its first founders, that, in good hands, would not do well enough; and [hi]story tells us, the best, in ill ones, can do nothing that is great or good; witness the said states. The Frame of Government of Pennsylvania was a proto-constitution for the Province of Pennsylvania, a proprietary colony granted to William Penn by Charles II of England. WebApril 25, 1682. That all prisons shall be work-houses, for felons, vagrants, and loose and idle persons; whereof one shall be in every county. WebHaving received a substantial grant of lands in 1681 in what became Pennsylvania, William Penn set about devising a constitution for his new colony, which became The Frame of the Government of Pennsylvania. This settles the divine right of government beyond exception, and that for two ends: first, to terrify evil doers: secondly, to cherish those that do well; which gives government a life beyond corruption, and makes it as durable in the world, as good men shall be. WebKing Charles II of England owed $80,000 to Admiral Sir William Penn. The General Assembly, initially consisting of all the freemen (the town meeting writ large), started with as many as two hundred members and could grow to five hundred as the population grew. By 1681, when he received the charter for the colony, Penn had been an ardent proponent of Quakerism and liberal government, writing numerous political pamphlets, intriguing in xvii. WebTHE POSITION The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is seeking talented, passionate individuals with a commitment to public service and a drive to help make Pennsylvania a better place to live. ii. William Penn was the founder of the Pennsylvania Colony and the leader of the Quaker religious community. Copyright 2003 2023, That for the encouragement of the planters and traders in this province, who are incorporated into a society, the patent granted to them by William Penn, Governor of the said province, is hereby ratified and confirmed. WebFortunately, Penn was adept at convincing people. It is true, good laws have some awe upon ill ministers, but that is where they have not power to escape or abolish them, and the people are generally wise and good: but a loose and depraved people (which is the question) love laws and an administration like themselves. x. That, for the establishment of the government and laws of this province, and to the end there may be an universal satisfaction in the laying of the fundamentals thereof: the General Assembly shall, or may, for the first year, consist of all the freemen of and in the said province; and ever after it shall be yearly chosen, as aforesaid; which number of two hundred shall be enlarged as the country shall increase in people, so as it do not exceed five hundred, at any time; the appointment and proportioning of which, as also the laying and methodizing of the choice of the provincial Council and General Assembly, in future times most equally to the divisions of the hundreds and counties, which the country shall hereafter be divided into, shall be in the power of the provincial Council to propose, and the General Assembly to resolve. Penn was born in London in 1644 into a prominent family, the son of a naval hero, Admiral Penn. I do not find a model in the world, that time, place, and some singular emergences have not necessarily altered; nor is it easy to frame a civil government, that shall serve all places alike. Thus much of government in general, as to its rise and end. To be further explained and confirmed there, by the first provincial Council, that shall be held, if they see meet. And, to prevent frauds and vexatious suits within the said province, that all charters, gifts, grants, and conveyances (except leases for a year or under) and all bills, bonds, and specialties above five pounds, and not under three months, made in the said province, shall be enrolled, or registered in the public enrolment office of the said province, within the space of two months next after the making thereof, else to be void in law, and all deeds, grants, and conveyances of land (except as aforesaid) within the said province, and made out of the said province, shall be enrolled or registered, as aforesaid, within six months next after the making thereof, and settling and constituting an enrolment office or registry within the said province, else to be void in law against all persons whatsoever. In practice, the government outlined in the Frame of Government proved in some respects to be unworkable. But forasmuch as the present condition of the province requires some immediate settlement, and admits not of so quick a revolution of officers; and to the end the said Province may, with all convenient speed, be well ordered and settled, I, William Penn, do therefore think fit to nominate and appoint such persons for Judges, Treasurers, Masters of the Rolls, Sheriffs, Justices of the Peace, and Coroners, as are most fitly qualified for those employments; to whom I shall make and grant commissions for the said offices, respectively, to hold to them, to whom the same shall be granted, for so long time as every such person shall well behave himself in the office, or place, to him respectively granted, and no longer. WebWilliam Penn (1644-1718) Quaker activist, theorist of liberty of conscience, and colonial founder and proprietor played a central role in the movement for religious liberty on both sides of the Atlantic for more than four decades. WebFrame of Government of Pennsylvania May 5, 1682 (1) The frame of the government of the province of Pensilvania, in America: together with certain laws agreed upon in England, by the Governor arid divers freemen of the aforesaid province. That all persons living in this province, who confess and acknowledge the one Almighty and eternal God, to be the Creator, Upholder and Ruler of the world; and that hold themselves obliged in conscience to live peaceably and justly in civil society, shall, in no ways, be molested or prejudiced for their religious persuasion, or practice, in matters of faith and worship, nor shall they be compelled, at any time, to frequent or maintain any religious worship, place or ministry whatever. xl. Thirdly, a committee of trade and treasury, who shall regulate all trade and commerce, according to law, encourage manufacture and country growth, and defray the public charge of the Province. xxix. XXXV. That all other matters and things not herein provided for, which shall, and may, concern the public justice, peace or safety of the said province; and the raising and imposing taxes, customs, duties, or prudence and determination of the Governor and freemen, in provincial Council and General Assembly, to be held, from time to time, in the said province. xii. But I chuse to solve the controversy with this small distinction, and it belongs to all three: Any government is free to the people under it (whatever be the frame) where the law rules, and the people are a party to those laws, and more than this is tyranny, oligarchy, or confusion. That all fines shall be moderate, and saving mens contenements, merchandize, or wainage. 1682. 1 (Pamphlet), 1793: Pacificus (Hamilton), No. That, at the first choice of such provincial Council, one-third part of the said provincial Council shall be chosen to serve for three years, then next ensuing; one-third party, for two years then next ensuing; and one-third party, for one year then next ensuing each election, and no longer; and that the said third part shall go out accordingly; and on the twentieth day of the twelfth month, as aforesaid, yearly for ever afterwards, the freemen of the said province shall, in like manner, meet and assemble together, and then chuse twenty-four persons, being one-third of the said number, to serve in provincial Council for three years: it being intended, that one-third part of the whole provincial Council (always consisting, and to consist, of seventy-two persons, as aforesaid) falling off yearly, it shall be yearly supplied by such new yearly elections, as aforesaid; and that no one person shall continue therein longer than three years: and, in case any member shall decease before the last election during his time, that then at the next election ensuing his decease, another shall be chosen to supply his place, for the remaining time, he has to have served, and no longer. Donald S. Lutz (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund 1998). Constitution. That a copy of these laws shall be hung up in the provincial Council, and in public courts of justice: and that they shall be read yearly at the opening of every provincial Council and General Assembly, and court of justice; and their assent shall be testified, by their standing up after the reading thereof. xxx. XXXI. Cite. He synthesized these lists and highlighted religious freedom for anyone who believed in a deity. Although anyone who professed a belief in God could live undisturbed, one had to believe in Jesus Christ in order to vote and hold office (see the Pennsylvania Frame of Government [59], Articles xxxiv and xxxv of the Laws Agreed Upon in England). That the Governor and provincial Council shall, at all times, settle and order the situation of all cities, ports, and market towns in every county, modelling therein all public buildings, streets, and market places, and shall appoint all necessary roads, and high-ways in the province. XXXIX. That all factors or correspondents in the said province, wronging their employers, shall make satisfaction, and one-third over, to their said employers: and in case of the death of any such factor or correspondent, the committee of trade shall take care to secure so much of the deceased partys estate as belongs to his said respective employers. For rulers are not a terror to good works, but to evil: wilt thou then not be afraid of the power? This the Apostle teaches in divers of his epistles: The law (says he) was added because of transgression; In another place, Knowing that the law was not made for the righteous man; but for the disobedient and ungodly, for sinners, for unholy and prophane, for murderers, for whoremongers, for them that defile themselves with mankind, and for man-stealers, for lyers, for perjured persons, &c., but this is not all, he opens and carries the matter of government a little further: Let every soul be subject to the higher powers; for there is no power but of God. That as a careless and corrupt administration of justice draws the wrath of God upon magistrates, so the wildness and looseness of the people provoke the indignation of God against a country: therefore, that all such offences against God, as swearing, cursing, lying, prophane talking, drunkenness, drinking of healths, obscene words, incest, sodomy, rapes, whoredom, fornication, and other uncleanness (not to be repeated) all treasons, misprisons, murders, duels, felony, seditions, maims, forcible entries, and other violences, to the persons and estates of the inhabitants within this province; al prizes, stage-plays, cards, dice, May-games, gamesters, masques, revels, bull-baitings, cock-fightings, bear-baitings, and the like, which excite the people to rudeness, cruelty, looseness, and irreligion, shall be respectively discouraged, and severely punished, according to the appointment of the Governor and freemen in provincial Council and General Assembly; as also all proceedings contrary to these laws, that are not here made expressly penal. The Penn family, which owned Pennsylvania. It was given to William Penn by King Charles II in 1681 to pay off a debt. WebFrame of Government. To be further explained and confirmed there, by the first Web29 William Penn Drive is currently listed at $659,000 on Homesnap. Penn, a member and intellectual leader of He established relationships with the local Indians and settled a group of German Quakers in what was to become Germantown. That servants be not kept longer than their time, and such as are careful, be both justly and kindly used in their service, and put in fitting equipage at the expiration thereof, according to custom. They weakly err, that think there is no other use of government, than correction, which is the coarsest part of it: daily experience tells us, that the care and regulation of many other affairs, more soft, and daily necessary, makeup much of the greatest part of government; and which must have followed the peopling of the world, had Adam never fell, and will continue among men, on earth, under the highest attainments they may arrive at, by the coming of the blessed Second Adam, the Lord from heaven. Summary Description William Penn - The First Draft of the Frame of Government - c1681.jpg The Papers of William Penn , Volume Two (16801684), University of Pennsylvania To be further explained and confirmed there, by the first provincial Council that [William Penn (1644-1718), founder of Pennsylvania, as ayoung man joined the persecuted sect of Friends, or Quakers, despite theopposition of his father. ed. Thus much of government in general, as to its rise and end. That all lands and goods of felons shall be liable, to make satisfaction to the party wronged twice the value; and for want of lands or goods, the felons shall be bondmen to work in the common prison, or work-house, or otherwise, till the party injured be satisfied. That there shall be, at no time, any alteration of any of these laws, without the consent of the Governor, his heirs, or assigns, and six parts of seven of the freemen, met in provincial Council and General Assembly. For, if it does not directly remove the cause, it crushes the effects of evil, and is as such, (though a lower, yet) an emanation of the same Divine Power, that is both author and object of pure religion; the difference lying here, that the one is more free and mental, the other more corporal and compulsive in its operations: but that is only to evil doers; government itself being otherwise as capable of kindness, goodness and charity, as a more private society. In May William Penn made the Frame of Government the constitution for the colony. Governments, like clocks, go from the motion men give them; and as governments are made and moved by men, so by them they are ruined too. XXVI. iv. That all prisons shall be work-houses, for felons, vagrants, and loose and idle persons; whereof one shall be in every county. By 1701, at the end of his second visit to his province, William Penn threw in the towel. WebWILLIAM PENN 517 his colony had far more influence on the great American heritage of the relationship between church and state. That there shall be a register for births, marriages, burials, wills, and letters of administration, distinct from the other registry. 1701 To prevent absolutism, Penn employed the concept of balancing forces, a concept that the Framers of the U.S. Constitution later would use liberally. He also built himself a house north of Philadelphia, which he xxxiv. by William Penn. v. That all courts shall be open, and justice shall neither be sold, denied or delayed. That there shall be a register for all servants, where their names, time, wages, and days of payment shall be registered. The frame of the government of the province of Pennsylvania, in America: together with certain laws agreed upon in England, by the Governor and divers freemen of the aforesaid province. That all marriages (not forbidden by the law of God, as to nearness of blood and affinity by marriage) shall be encouraged; but the parents, or guardians, shall be first consulted, and the marriage shall be published before it be solemnized; and it shall be solemnized by taking one another as husband and wife, before credible witnesses; and a certificate of the whole, under the hands of parties and witnesses, shall be brought to the proper register of that county, and shall be registered in his office. And moreover that, in all cases and matters of lesser moment, twenty-four Members of the said provincial Council shall make a quorum the majority of which twenty-four shall, and may, always determine in such cases and causes of lesser moment. That all prisons shall be free, as to fees, food and lodging. Our Core Document Collection allows students to read history in the words of those who made it. The Frame of Government has lasting historical importance as an important step in the development of American and world democracy. Thirdly. xxxix. That all prisoners shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, unless for capital offences, where the proof is evident, or the presumption great. Updated: 09/13/2021 Who Was William Penn? $309,000 Last Sold Price. xvi. xxxiii. 1-better WebWilliam Penn was deeply committed to religious freedom, but his commitment was not absolute. xi. That all persons living in this province, who confess and acknowledge the one Almighty and eternal God, to be the Creator, Upholder and Ruler of the world; and that hold themselves obliged in conscience to live peaceable and justly in civil society, shall, in no ways, be molested or prejudiced for their religious persuasion, or practice, in matters of faith and worship, nor shall they be compelled, at any time, to frequent or maintain any religious worship, place or ministry whatever. This native goodness was equally his honour and his happiness; and whilst he stood here, all went well; there was no need of coercive or compulsive means; the precept of divine love and truth, in his bosom, was the guide and keeper of his innocency. That all factors or correspondents in the said province, wronging their employers, shall make satisfaction, and one-third over, to their said employers: and in case of the death of any such factor or correspondent, the committee of trade shall take care to secure so muchof the deceased partysemployers estate as belongs to his said respective. In 1681 King Charles II of England granted William Penn a large tract of land on the west bank of the Delaware River, which Penn named Pennsylvania in honor of his father. WebFrame of Government of Pennsylvania 1696 The Frame of Government of the Province of Pennsylvania, and the territories thereunto belonging; passed by Governor Markham, November 1, 1696. But not less than two-thirds shall make a quorum in the passing of laws, and choice of such officers as are by them to be chosen. WebHistorical Society of Pennsylvania. That the freemen of the said province shall, on the twentieth day of the twelfth month, which shall be in the present year one thousand six hundred eighty and two, meet and assemble in some fit place, of which timely notice shall be before hand given by the Governor or his Deputy; and then, and there, shall chuse out of themselves seventy-two persons of most note for their wisdom, virtue and ability, who shall meet, on the tenth day of the first month next ensuing, and always be called, and act as, the provincial Council of the said province. On October 28, he signed a new Charter of I know what is said by the several admirers of monarchy, aristocracy and democracy, which are the rule of one, a few, and many, and are the three common ideas of government, when men discourse on the subject.
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