sumerian mythology and the bible sumerian mythology and the bible
These early deities were believed to occasionally behave mischievously towards each other, but were generally viewed as being involved in co-operative creative ordering. Main article: Sumerian creation myth The tale of Ziusudra is known from a single fragmentary tablet written in Sumerian, datable by its script to the 17th century BC (Old Babylonian Empire), and published in 1914 by Arno Poebel. Carried away by the disease, the young pharaoh Siptah died in his turn and Tausret immediately proclaimed himself pharaoh. Just where and when these events took place and what exactly transpired is something we may never know. The Sumerian-Akkadian pantheon was altered, most notably with the introduction of a new supreme deity, Marduk. Perhaps, when we compare it to the other creation stories weve discussed, we can come up with commonplaces between all of them, and thus, a commonplace between all cultures in regards to the creation of the Universe. [19] This bleak domain was known as Kur,[17]:114 and was believed to be ruled by the goddess Ereshkigal. attributed to the Priestly source. [14]:179 Each Sumerian city-state had its own specific patron deity,[14]:179 who was believed to protect the city and defend its interests. Sermons in Merced by Dr. John Oakes Mark II Kingdom Parables. [14]:178179 The earliest Sumerian literature of the third millennium BC identifies four primary deities: An, Enlil, Ninhursag, and Enki. A woman from the Levi tribe then hid hers for three months. Adams First Wife Lilith: Diabolical Demoness or the First Feminist? Doggerland, Variousunder water cities and roads in Greece and Egypt, The lapita in samoa, Gulf of Combay city near India. The Anunnaki gods set the whole Earth on fire. It first appeared in archaeological records around 3100 B.C. Humans are all interconnected, but they all have a unique background and culture. Puisque nous sommes lge des possibles pour expliquer ce pass, nous pouvons alors formuler des hypothses hors du champ connu. (Hooke, p. 130) The clearest Biblical parallel comes from Does it mean that the Gospels are not based on true accounts? One possibility is that the flood is an actual event, the memory of which was carried forward by the survivors, finding its way into both Gilgamesh and the biblical account. [citation needed], Some stories recorded in the older parts of the Hebrew Bible bear strong similarities to the stories in Sumerian mythology. Lahar and Ashnan or Enten and Emesh are similar in some respects Assuming the second possibility, the question becomes who borrowed from whom? On peut dailleurs lire dans le Papyrus de Boulaq (Germond et Livet, 2001) : Salut toi, R matre de Mat [] tu es lUn, qui a fait tout ce qui existe, lUn unique qui a fait les tres, des yeux duquel les humains sont issus [], auteur des herbages qui fait la vgtation pour les humains, qui a produit la substance des poissons du Nil et des oiseaux [], qui donne le souffle vital celui qui est dans loeuf, celui qui produit la subsistance des volatiles, comme celle des reptiles et des insectes, qui fournit des provisions aux souris dans leur trou . From an historical or literary point of view, this is hard to disprove. Your email address will not be published. God then separated the darkness from the light, and light appeared. It seems, like El, to be a generic and polysemous name which, if it most often refers to Israels Elohim, is also used for pagan gods (Exodus 12:12, 18:11, 20:3 etc.) Sumerian religion heavily influenced the religious beliefs of later Mesopotamian peoples; elements of it are retained in the mythologies and religions of the Hurrians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, and other Middle Eastern culture groups. Historians have also suggested that Sumerian references to two ancient trading lands known as "Magan" and "Meluhha" may refer to Egypt and Ethiopia. analog, Tammuz, appears in the Bible, however Dumuzi's periodic The question naturally arises: Where did these obvious parallels arise? is Lilith has come into quiestion of late. [3]:34. is informed of the gods decision to destroy mankind by listening Murat Ozgen, a Turkish Freemason, notes this about it: It is clear that Kabbalah was developed many years before the Torah existed. Even if some rabbis explain that those who ask themselves the question know nothing about it, that it is normal to write God in the plural, the answers they give are far from convincing. Another possibility is that one or the other was created first, and the other borrowed from it. Both are losers. Ereshkigal was the goddess of the Sumerian Underworld, which was known as Kur. Dilmun, described in the myth of "Enki and Ninhursag". What is the origin of the legend of the Christed Son who was born of a virgin on December 25th? My fathers brothers are camping in the mountains. The Gilgamesh Epic was known to the ancient Sumerian and Babylonian cultures. I found your post very interesting. and Ashnan story. Imaginons alors quils nappartenaient pas la mme espce et ntaient pas originaires de la mme plante et quils reprsentaient une mission intergalactique charge de rintroduire des espces disparues depuis longtemps sur un autre monde teint. Not. Most major gods had a so-called sukkal, a minor deity serving as their vizier, messenger or doorkeeper. I am sure that those who do this do so for a variety of reasons. children and so was cursed by Ninhursag, receiving one wound for over to Eve. Enlil and a fox act on Enki's behalf to call Were Adam and Eve the first "homo sapiens"? He was the patron deity of Girsu and one of the patron deities of Lagash. he is from the tribe of Israel and lived between -922 and -700. Creation Story - the Bible and the Sumerians - Similarities It was in 1945 that I discovered this explanation. Enlil saw after the disaster that his plans had once again been thwarted, yet he remained calm because he understood that the disappearance of men would bring them back to the situation that had led to their creation. Their order of importance and the relationships between the deities has been examined during the study of cuneiform tablets. The waves even covered the tops of the mountains. PDF Ancient Sumerian Mythology The Chronicles Of The Sumerian Peoples Myths First, Nammu, the primeval waters, gave birth to An (the sky) and Ki (the earth), who mated together. He also convinced Shotelel, also a Canaanite, to accept in exchange the designation of Tausret as the great regent of the whole country. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDVtMYqUAyw, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUXOelkorPI, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2s4TqVAbfz4, https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=7&v=cy2Dg-ncWoY, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=588pfqtMtz0. This tree not only contains a crafty serpent, but also Lilith, Hey, Leah, great post! The bulk of Sumerian parallels can, however be found much earlier, The Gemini Twins were known to call fire down from the sky referring to their fathers lightning bolts and had been known in Greek myth to have destroyed entire villages with that power. Before the Greeks exalted Zeus or the Egyptians praised Osiris, the Sumerians worshipped the Anunnaki. Enki and Sources for the Eridu myth include a Sumerian inscription on a clay tablet from Nippur (also dated about 1600 BCE), another Sumerian fragment from Ur (about the same date) and a bilingual fragment in Sumerian and Akkadian from Ashurbanipal's library in Nineveh, about 600 BCE. Listen Top Shows Blog Discover #PoliticsAF Show!HOT ON THE TRAIL OF TRUMP GOIN' 2 FN JAIL! second version of the creation of man "The Lord God formed Une fois leurs missions de rintroduction accomplies, ces missionnaires sont repartis do ils venaient. Because it helps another culture to understand their own through contextualizing the cultures main tenants and providing easy to understand comparisons. During the Akkadian Empire, Inanna, the goddess of sex, beauty, and warfare, was widely venerated across Sumer and appeared in many myths, including the famous story of her descent into the Underworld. It is understandable that exiles use the stories and cults learned from Babylonians and Egyptians to create a religion and a promised land that gives them a legal right of return to their land in Canaan. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. I took a Mesopotamian Civilizations course last semester and it was exciting to hear about their culture once more! From Dr. Malhotras and others claims, it is commonly thought that the origin of the Sumerians is indeed unknown. In the book of Genesis, the patriarchs never take a stand against the other gods, they simply attach themselves to El. Immortality, the Elixir of Life and the Food of the Gods The Sumerian origin of the Bible: similarity between Genesis and Enuma Elish. deities get into an argument. la thorie des anciens astronautes dErich Von Daniken, Cuneiform tablets containing the list of Sumerian kings leave historians perplexed. [17]:75 His most important cult center was the E-abzu temple in the city of Eridu. It too is lush and has fruit bearing trees. This is why we give the books compilations in . In the Sumerian versions death According to these texts, Sargon I, the conqueror of the Sumerian cities, was abandoned baby to the waters of the Euphrates by his mother in a wicker basket sealed with bitumen. Of course, much of that evidence is found at my web site, to include prophecies in Genesis which are fulfilled in Jesus (see my book From Shadow to Reality. . For example, Wood (2003) has drawn attention to the fact that there are remarkable similarities between the Sumerian King List and accounts in Genesis, from descriptions of the great flood, to the eight rulers who reigned before the flood, and decreasing longevity of people after the flood. They do mention Ra [sun deity in Ancient Egyptian Religion] and his creation of gods and people. and bears eight new children, each of whom are the cure to one of Temples served as cultural, religious, and political headquarters until approximately 2500 BC, with the rise of military kings known as Lu-gals ("man" + "big")[6] after which time the political and military leadership was often housed in separate "palace" complexes. This mans name is in Egyptian Mssw and reads Moses. It is a compilation of traditional Mesopotamian myths of Creation and the Flood, including the creation of man from clay, the history of Noah and the end of the time of the patriarchs. 37-41) keeps popping up, especially in popular literature and on the internet. The gods, smelling the good smell, swirled like flies around the priest. [citation needed]. Biblical parallels in Sumerian literature - meta-religion.com For our creation, they used clay and blood from the God W-ilu, an angry God sacrificed for the occasion (who would be at the origin of the wrath of men). In the Sumerian text, it is Enki who gives birth to his ills in pain. The Bible, a copy or a continuity of the Sumerian texts? Religion, mythology and magic of a long-lost forgotten age. On the seventh day, the sea calmed down and stopped, and the ark landed on Mount Nishir. 'heart' of the clay that is over the Abzu " and "give (Video), 10 Jaw-dropping Engineering Marvels of the Inca Empire, Lost City Revealed: The Mysteries of Nan Madol Uncovered (Video), Hidden in Plain Sight: The Pterodactyl of New Guinea. 5- Author 3 was called P. because it was established in his use of words and style that he was a priest. Thorkild Jacobsen, the first translator of the Eridu Genesis, was a renowned historian specializing in Near East and Sumerian literature. Sumerian myths were passed down through the oral tradition until the invention of writing (the earliest myth discovered so far, the Epic of Gilgamesh, is Sumerian [dubious - discuss] and is written on a series of fractured clay tablets). Did the Genesis writer rely on the Gilgamesh Epic in writing the flood account? Notons que dautres divinits peuvent jouer un rle plus direct dans la cration de la faune, de ses modes de vie, et de ce qui lui permet de subsister, mme si le dmiurge reste linstance suprieure lorigine de toute vie. To reward him, he then granted immortality to Atrahasis, but made humans less disturbing his tranquility, requiring Ea to reduce mens life time, and introducing disease, sterility, and other weaknesses to men. Great Discoveries in Biblical Archaeology: The Sumerian King List - by Bryant G. Wood, Biblical Stories Mirror Those Found in Ancient Mythology - by Ed Neumann, It's not as if the religions around Christianity and Judaism weren't doing the same thing . The second chapter of Genesis She threw me on the river without me being able to escape. The famous tower of babel story from Gen 11:1-9 has strong Mesopotamian echoes. In it, there is an account of the great sage Utnapishtim, who is. Where is the king who should be ruling them? Sinon, vos dcouvertes sont connues depuis des dcennies dans les mdias, chez les spcialistes, mais personne ne veut du moteur eau tant quil y a du ptrole et son conomie. will enjoy the epic stories of Ancient Mesopotamia that echoed through other great works like the Bible and the Odyssey. Pareil pour les habitudes religieuses. Professor Alexander Heidel of the Oriental Institute of Chicago has prepared a table to allow us to compare a Sumerian text that describes the creation of the world, the Enuma Elish and the Book of Genesis, the result is extremely disturbing: The Holy Spirit and cosmic matter are co-existent and co-eternal. According to these tablets, the Anunnaki, or Anannge, were angels. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); @2020 - All Right Reserved. The Sumerian Flood Story (also known as the Eridu Genesis, Sumerian Creation Myth, Sumerian Deluge Myth) is the oldest Mesopotamian text relating the tale of the Great Flood which would. Scholars of comparative mythology have noticed parallels between the stories of the ancient Sumerians and those recorded later in the early parts of the Hebrew Bible. In Sumerian texts, we have references to the Ninhursag's milk, one of the seven great deities of Sumer, the goddess of fertility that is associated with a cow (similar to the magic goat Amalthea of the Greek mythology). from one another by a solid dome. 2- The text is a perfect parallel between Enki eating forbidden plants and Adam eating the forbidden fruit. Nevertheless it is not true to say that there is absolutely nothing in common between Judaism and Mesopotamian religion. about The Book of Revelation is Filled with Ancient Curses, New Research Reveals, Egyptian Authorities Push Back on Cleopatra Portrayal. Christian Zionists claim that the modern state of Israel is a fulfillment of biblical prophecy. may contain the predecessor to the tree of knowledge of good and As in Genesis, the Sumerians' world is formed (New American Bible Finally, we see that in ancient coins and gems, the Twins are depicted positioned on either side of enthroned deities, such as Zeus, Serapis, Mars and Mithras. A few centuries later, this text will be reproduced practically as it stands in the Bible, in Proverbs 22:17 to 23:11. If one takes Abraham to be the father of the Jewish nation, as supported by the Bible, then one can assume that the Gilgamesh Epic is older than the written, Jewish version of the story which is found in the Bible, as Abraham died somewhere around 1850 BC. Other Sumerian and Akkadian deities adapted into the Hurrian pantheon include Ayas, the Hurrian counterpart to Ea; Shaushka, the Hurrian counterpart to Ishtar; and the goddess Ninlil,[41] whose mythos had been drastically expanded by the Babylonians. Sumerian scholar Samuel Noah Kramer has also noted similarities between many Sumerian and Akkadian "proverbs" and the later Hebrew proverbs, many of which are featured in the Book of Proverbs. [22], During the middle of the third millennium BC, Sumerian society became more urbanized. The Sumerian writers, by playing on words, came to identify The Lady of the Coast with The Lady who gives life. The Hebrews lived between two great civilizations with which they mixed. 1. Why is a Love Poem Full of Sex in the Bible? Enlil separated heaven from earth and claimed the earth as his domain. 7. [18][19], The Sumerian afterlife was a dark, dreary cavern located deep below the ground,[19][20] where inhabitants were believed to continue "a shadowy version of life on earth". In the 19th century linguists studied the Bible and came to several incredible conclusions: 2- We find the precise style of 4 authors totally different in time, in their training, their way of writing, their way of describing, in their interests and their choice of vocabulary. This idea based on the Sumerian myth known as Enki and Ninhursag (see ANET, pp. [20] During the Third Dynasty of Ur, it was believed that a person's treatment in the afterlife depended on how he or she was buried;[17]:58 those that had been given sumptuous burials would be treated well,[17]:58 but those who had been given poor burials would fare poorly, and were believed to haunt the living. Actually, I believe the author is saying that some creation stories that many attribute to the Bible are originally found in Sumerian mythology. Most of them have common threads, but they also have unique story lines and characters that make them their own. Tausret will reign less than two years and will have to flee before the Egyptian armies that the future pharaoh of a new dynasty, Prince Sethnakt, was able to rally to his cause. Why not. It has been estimated by some to be based on a tradition as old as 3000 BC. Introduction. [14]:178179 As a result of this, Sumerian deities began to lose their original associations with nature and became the patrons of various cities. His Canaan religion made him despise Egyptian traditions and rituals to the point of sacrilege. Again the Greeks themselves made these connections, why? The motivation is different, her progenitor, a high priestess, had wanted to hide the fruit of an illicit affair with a stranger. The belief in one God in ancient Egypt, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Awk4WsLvS9A, Anunnaki, la version sumrienne de la cration de lhumanit, Nos anctres des extra-terrestres ? 6- Author 4 was called D. because he only worked on the text of Deuteronomy. [15] The highest and outermost dome of heaven was made of luludntu stone and was personified as An, the god of the sky. The Sumerian Flood Story (also known as the Eridu Genesis, Sumerian Creation Myth, Sumerian Deluge Myth) is the oldest Mesopotamian text relating the tale of the Great Flood which would appear in later works such as the Atrahasis (17th century BCE), The Epic of Gilgamesh (c. 2150-1400 BCE), and - most famously - the story of Noah and his ark from the biblical Book of Genesis . It assumes that the gods and the universe already exist and that once a long time ago the heavens and earth were united, only later to be split apart. The Bible is Fiction: A Collection Of Evidence - Daniel Miessler It is also possible that the purpose of the Bible was to gather all the knowledge of this people after terrible disasters: In his book Worlds in Collision, Dr. Immanuel Velikovsky compares the ancient texts of many people around the world that relate to major disasters such as the account of the ten plagues of Egypt mentioned in the Exodus. #art #music #CoMeDy &#PoliticsAF! We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. Sumerian creation myth - Wikipedia But if the astonishing conclusions of a Biblical researcher from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) are correct, Beltane is an ancient Gaelic festival celebrating the beginning of summer and the renewal of life. From an historical or literary point of view, this is hard to disprove. Do we have the exact words of Jesus or a paraphrase? It reached its peak around 6,500 years ago when it had the distinction of being a very advanced civilization with a sophisticated written language, magnificent architecture for the time, complex mathematics, and amazing astronomy. Skeptical, non-believing scholars try to paint early Judaism as polytheistic, but there is no solid evidence for this. Voici un savant rabin qui dit bien que la Gense vient de babylone, et alors ? They have been twisted and exagerated over thousand years. Elohim created all living creatures on earth Genesis 1:25, Elohim says: let us make man in our image, in our likeness Genesis 1,27. See our article : Worlds in Collision, a book that questions part of the Bible. [citation needed]. pp. Sumerian Myth Of The Bible: A Historical Analysis Decent Essays 623 Words 3 Pages Open Document It is apparent that no person or persons could have orchestrated the harmony found in scripture. This would make the claim that it was borrowed from Neo-Babylonian sources not work. It is unclear when the first settlers of the region arrived, but they were a non-Semitic people that historians believe may have come out of the Samarra culture in northern Mesopotamia or Assyria. Adad extended his deathly silence into heaven, reducing to darkness all that had been luminous. for hundreds of years. It appears that the Bible was plagiarized from the Texts written more than 1,000 years previously. It can be noted that the Bible also follows the Sumerian texts with regard to the life time of men but without giving any explanation: The Biblical Noah would have lived 950 years, his grandfather Methuselah, 969 years old and his father Lamech died young at 777 years old, then after Noah the life time actually decreases, his son Sem lives 600 years, the son of Sem, Arpakshad lives 438 years and this decreases until now. Sumerian Mythology by Samuel Noah Kramer | Goodreads [14]:184 The gatekeeper of the underworld was the god Neti. Carved figure with feathers. Since cuneiform is an ancient and unspoken language, there have been certain scholars who have dedicated much time to translating the writing. He knew the gods of the Sumerian pantheon, at the top of which was the Triad An, Enlil and Enki. Before the beginning of kingship in Sumer, the city-states were effectively ruled by theocratic priests and religious officials. The one who cures his rib is named Ninti, whose name Belief in one God in ancient Egypt, the teaching of Hermes, Pierre Jovanovics universal lie: see on Amazon Eric de Broquevilles secret of Paul: see on Amazon The story begins in Sumer: Samuel Noah Kramer: see on Amazon, The genesis revisited by the Sumerian texts: documentary, Anunnaki, the Sumerian version of the creation of humanity, Our ancestors of aliens ? MSSW, Moses or Beya (his Canaanite name) gets Tausret, the first wife of the deceased pharaoh, to agree to see the young Siptah, son of Shotelel, ascend the throne of Egypt. [14]:179180, The majority of Sumerian deities belonged to a classification called the Anunna ("[offspring] of An"), whereas seven deities, including Enlil and Inanna, belonged to a group of "underworld judges" known as the Anunnaki ("[offspring] of An" + Ki). My father, I dont know him. Sumerian Tablets The Sumerian tablets were written by the Sumerians. It is certainly from there that Elohim says: Let us make man in our image, in our likeness Genesis 1.27. [14]:203 The lowest dome of heaven was made of jasper and was the home of the stars. Sumerian mythology claims that, in the beginning, human-like gods ruled over Earth. noter quun parallle intressant a t dmontr entre les textes sumriens et lancien testament avec deux corrections majeures, lentit Dieu est devenu masculin et unique. At the kings request, a magician separated the waters, found the jewel and returned it to its owner. The Egyptian king of that time was called Typhon and is said to have given his name to the phenomenon in Mexico, the Mayans who described the same thing called him Hurakan, which then gave him the word Hurricane. First the underground world was believed to be an extension of the goddess Ki, but later developed into the concept of Kur. In Mark 10:35-40, James and John are seen requesting to sit on the right and left of their Lord on the heavenly throne. The Mythology Bible: Everything you wanted to know about mythology According to Wikipedia : Eloha appears about sixty times in the Hebrew Bible, usually in its poetic texts, most of the occurrences being found in Jobs book. ADAPA - In Sumerian and Babylonian mythology, the first created man, son of Ea (or Enki) who, in anger at the overturning of his boat, broke the wings of . The Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh dates back nearly 5,000 years and is thought to be perhaps the oldest written tale on the planet. This association carries is related to the Hebrew word hay or living. What about the idea that it borrows from the Gilgamesh epic? days and not the near year of the Bible. These ancient gods of Mesopotamia had wings, wore horned caps, and possessed the ability to . Is Genesis 1-11 a Derivation from Ancient Myths? Priests were responsible for continuing the cultural and religious traditions of their city-state, and were viewed as mediators between humans and the cosmic and terrestrial forces. [26]:58[27]:231234 His primary consort was Ninlil, the goddess of the south wind,[28]:106 who was one of the patron deities of Nippur and was believed to reside in the same temple as Enlil. He was a Field Assyriologist for the Iraq Expedition of the The Oriental Institute at the University of Chicago in the years 1929 to 1937, according to his biography, as well. Toward the end of the Sumerian civilization, ziggurats became the preferred temple structure for Mesopotamian religious centers. The Coffin Texts [c. 2100-1800BCE] are pretty darn old. [6] These tablets were also made of stone clay or stone, and they used a small pick to make the symbols. The Sumerians were an ancient people that occupied Sumer, that is, the southern region of Mesopotamia, which is now southern Iraq. Both were influenced by a massive flood. The gods and the kings of ancient Sumer would drink from this milk to become strong and immortal. In the Sumerian version, the pious Ziusudra My mother, the high priestess, conceived me and bore me in secret. It is blessed by Enki to have overflowing, Mesopotamian relition was polytheistic. Homo Naledi: A Mysterious Extinct Human Species (Video), The Incredible Odyssey of Mankind: Ape to Human in a Million Years (Video), Evidence that Noahs Ark Landed on a Mountain 17 Miles South of Ararat, The Truth Behind the Christ Myth: Ancient Origins of the Often Used Legend Part I, Library in Stone: The Ica Stones of Professor Cabrera Part I, Two Sides to Every Story: The North American Martyrs Shrines and Indigenous/ Roman Catholic Relations, The Origins of the Faeries: Encoded in our Cultures Part I, Curse of the Buried Pearl: The Hunt for Ancient Treasures Part I, The Enigma of the Shugborough Inscription, Great Discoveries in Biblical Archaeology: The Sumerian King List, Biblical Stories Mirror Those Found in Ancient Mythology.
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